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What if I’ve co-signed my children’s student loan debt that is now in default?

Here in Tampa, Florida, I just read an outrageous story today in Nation of Change that exemplifies the problems in the world of student loans. Basically, shortly out of college, this man’s son was killed in a car accident. Most of his student loans were private and co-signed by his father who makes $21,000 a year as a gardener. Private loans survive someone’s disability or death.

The debt (over six figures) has changed hands many times and has been wrung through the Wall Street securitization process. He doesn’t know the exact amount or who is owed. But the debt collectors are all over this poor guy.

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Back in 2009, the Florida legislature realized that tenants needed some protection from the foreclosure crisis. The resulting Protecting Tenants in Foreclosure Act protects tenants from eviction because of foreclosure on the properties they occupy. These provisions took effect on May 20, 2009, and originally were scheduled to expire on December 31, 2012.

However, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (Dodd-Frank Act) changed the expiration date to December 31, 2014.

We still do not know if the Mortgage Debt Relief Forgiveness Act will be extended past December 31, 2012. This Act allows a waiver for certain qualifying homesteads of the tax consequences of forgiven debt such as in a short sale.

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house money.jpgHere’s an example in Tampa, Florida this month for one of our foreclosure clients who wanted to keep her house and avoid the possibility of a deficiency judgment:

New monthly payment: $933.45 with escrow Old monthly payment: $1,491.35

New interest rate: 4% fixed Old interest rate: 7.75 % fixed

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To cram down property owned jointly, both spouses have to file a Chapter 13 bankruptcy. The Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Florida held recently that a Chapter 13 debtor whose spouse does not join in the debtor’s bankruptcy petition is not permitted to cram down a claim secured by a lien on property owned by the debtor as a tenant by the entireties. If the debtor were allowed to cram down the claim, the court reasoned, his nonfiling wife would be granted the benefit of having filed for bankruptcy without having to carry any of the burdens, and the Code does not permit this. In re Alvarez, 2012 WL 1425097 (Bankr. S.D. Fla., April 24, 2012).

Another approach is that the non-filing spouse could quit claim their interest in the property to the debtor. That way when the debtor files the bankruptcy, he or she is the sole owner of the property. We have found this works just as well.

Transfers of property especially shortly before filing a bankruptcy is a complex matter and should only be done after consultation with a qualified bankruptcy attorney. For a free consultation, please consider Arkovich Law

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Many people think it is advantageous to only list certain creditors in their bankruptcy. This is not permissible in a bankruptcy because all creditors must be listed. You cannot favor one creditor over another. However, you can always voluntarily pay a creditor back after a bankruptcy if you wish.

Besides the creditors have their own subscription system with a third party that monitors PACER filings where they will generally learn of a client’s bankruptcy filing even if not listed. Moreover, if the bankruptcy is an asset case, by not listing the creditor, you’ve actually cheated them of monies they would have received in the bankruptcy.

You only become legally obligated to repay a creditor after filing a Chapter 7 bankruptcy if you sign and file a Reaffirmation Agreement with that creditor. A Reaffirmation Agreement reaffirms the debt and sometimes can be advantageous to the debtor if he wants to retain an asset but can’t pay for it outright and in full.

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graduates student loan debt.jpgDebt collectors excel at taking advantage of student loan borrowers by misrepresenting the law and options available to borrowers.

Common violations we see in Florida are:

1) Misrepresenting that the collector may use federal powers such as Social Security offsets or administrative garnishment of wages;

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student loan debt bubble.jpgFor the first time ever, student loan debt has surpassed credit card debt as student loan debt reaches the $1 trillion mark per a recent Bloomberg article. Student loan debt collection has become big business. Contracted student loan debt collectors’ profits surpass $1 billion in 2011 alone! Little wonder when these private contractors make commissions as high as 20% or even 30% after a loan goes into default. Blackwater should consider expanding their profitable business from military contracting to include student loan collection work.

Who knew collecting debts from poor students could be so profitable. Bloomberg News reported last month that approximately 5 million federal education loans are in default.

What most students or graduates don’t know is that the government hires private companies as debt collectors for this defaulted student loan debt. And these debt collectors often ignore the law when doing so. FDCPA violations abound. Debt collectors are the subject of more complaints to the Federal Trade Commission than any other industry. We recommend student loan borrowers go on the offense and hire law firms to go after these debt collectors. These cases are handled on a contingency fee basis with no fees up front.

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ch 7.jpgMany more bankrupt debtors will be able to keep their house in a Chapter 7 now!

In a surprising decision by a court of appeals not noted for its sympathy for debtors’ positions, the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals, held in a unanimous decision that a Chapter 7 debtor may strip off a second mortgage. Prior to this O’Neal decision on May 11, 2012, debtors could only do this in a Chapter 13 case. The Eleventh Circuit is the federal appellate court for the Middle District of Florida which includes the Tampabay area.

Twenty-three years earlier, the Court of Appeals had reached this conclusion in Matter of Folendore, 862 F.2d 1537 (11th Cir. 1989), and the present court reasoned that the decision in Folendore survived the Supreme Court’s decision in Dewsnup v. Timm, 502 U.S. 410, 112 S.Ct. 773, 116 L.Ed.2d 903 (1992), which held that a Chapter 7 debtor may not cram down an undersecured claim to the value of the collateral. Here, the Court of Appeals reasoned, the creditor’s junior mortgage lien was both allowed under Code § 502 and wholly unsecured under § 506(a), and the lien was therefore voidable under the plain language of § 506(d). In re McNeal, Case No. 11-11352 (11th Cir., May 11, 2012).

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mousetrap.jpgOur Tampa, Florida bankruptcy law firm is small enough that we are able to help time our clients’ bankruptcy case for maximum results. Without proper timing, a bankruptcy can feel more like a trap than a remedy for financial ills. We are often able to save our clients several hundred dollars a month by simply correctly timing their case. A high volume mill firm won’t do this, their business model is based upon touching their clients’ files a minimum number of times and getting it filed asap.

However, the timing can be critical. Both in terms of assets that our clients can keep and the type of case or relief they qualify for. Most of our clients have something to lose. Our goal is to help ensure they come out ahead when their bankruptcy is filed.

Simple things to keep in mind. It is not wise to file a bankruptcy if you anticipate large expenses in the future, such as an upcoming surgery where there could be uninsured medical costs. It will be another 8 years before you can file Chapter 7 again so choose your timing wisely.

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chained to house.jpgMany bankruptcy debtors in Florida are understandably confused when they surrender their home in the bankruptcy, but are still receiving various dunning letters.

First, it is important to understand that the Bankruptcy Code does not have a mechanism in place to provide for the actual transfer of the real estate to the mortgage company, at least not in a lien theory state like Florida. So in order for the home ownership to transfer legally to the mortgage company, one of three things must occur; 1) a foreclosure sale; 2) a short sale; 3) a deed in lieu is signed by the debtor and accepted by the mortgage company; or 4) a quit claim to another party which is recorded.

So a homeowner may still receive letters and remain liable for certain things even after a bankruptcy is filed:

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