Articles Posted in Student loans

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The Washington Post reported yesterday that the latest congressional budget deal includes a provision to let companies collecting federal student loans (or other debts guaranteed by the government) call cellphones using auto-dialers.

The purpose of the bill is to increase communications in an attempt to keep more student loan borrowers current in their debt.  However, the unintended consequences are likely to be increased harassment about payments not made, robo calls to relatives, references and co-borrowers and reassigned cell phone numbers.  Calls which would no longer be under the protection of the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (“TCPA”).

The proposed amendment is to Section 227(b) of the Communications Act of 1934(47 U.S.C. 227(b), Restrictions on the Use of Telephone Equipment):

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christie_d._arkovich_p.a_1_smallNew signs of trouble for student loan borrowers

BY SETH FROTMAN

Earlier this year, we asked you to share your stories about student debt stress. More than 30,000 of you responded, telling us that student loan servicers (the companies that send you a bill each month) can make it harder to manage your loans and may contribute to our nation’s growing student loan default problem.

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dropout cartoon  In our Florida student loan law practice, we see everyday the nightmarish situations our former students have gotten themselves into.  One this week has me researching the differences between national versus regional accreditation.  I’ve been a lawyer for 20 plus years and I hadn’t even known what this meant.  My basic thought was accredited is good right?  And no accreditation is bad.  Should be simple, just make sure you go to an accredited school.  Wrong.

Actually, there are different types of accreditation which are commonly referred to as national versus regional.  Again, you’d think national would be good right?  But, no, regional is far better.  For a client, a “national” accreditation means a much higher default rate (twice as many defaults in repayment of student loans) b/c the B.S. or B.A degree they studied hard for is not really worth what they thought it was.  See a September 8, 2015 Center for American Progress Analysis RELEASE noting troubling high student loan default rates among colleges accredited by national accreditors.   Default rates are important:  they are another way of telling us that the education received has not warranted the student loans sought to be repaid for that education.  If a student is unable to obtain employment in their field due to the inadequacy of their education, they are much more likely to not be able to repay their student loans.

Now, over 100k in student loans later, my client is faced with having to get a “replacement” B.S. degree if they hope to ever move up in their employment just because he chose a school, International Academy of Design and Technology, (“IADT”) that he thought was accredited, but was actually “nationally” accredited by the Accrediting Council for Independent Colleges and Schools.  Our client was turned down a job specifically because of the type of accreditation behind his degree.  Even though he was one of the lucky ones to have graduated (for-profit schools have a high dropout rate), it has done him no good whatsoever.

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cell phone stop 2.pngRevocation of Consent

One of the pressing issues in pending litigation under the Telephone Consumer Protection Act (TCPA) is whether a consumer can revoke consent to receive calls on a cell phone. The TCPA requires prior express consent before a consumer can be contacted on a cell phone using an automatic dialer or prerecorded message, but the statute is silent on the right to revoke. So that raises two threshold questions: can prior express consent be revoked and, if so, what constitutes valid revocation?

There is a split in authority on whether consent can be revoked under the TCPA, but a number of courts are ruling that the conclusion that consent is revocable. The U.S. Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit was the first federal appellate court to address this issue. In Gager v. Dell Fin. Servs., LLC, 727 F.3d 265, 270-72 (3d Cir. 2013), the court held that a consumer has a right to revoke consent notwithstanding the absence of a statutory provision specifically authorizing revocation. Applying the common law concept of consent, the court reasoned that a right to revoke is not inconsistent with prior FCC decisions. Several courts have followed the Third Circuit’s lead, including the Eleventh Circuit (which governs the State of Florida) in Osorio v. State Farm Bank, F.S.B., 746 F.3d 1242 (11th Cir. Mar. 28, 2014).

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Great news for Florida consumers with student loans! On April 21, 2015, the Middle District of Florida, Tampa Division, Bankruptcy Court issued a ruling on behalf of our client that a National Collegiate Student Loan Trust would be barred from pursuing student loans in Florida because the five year statute of limitations had expired. In doing so, the Court entered Final Judgment in favor of our client.

However, NCSLT apparently did not like this ruling and has subsequently filed an appeal. As neither party has submitted briefs yet, the outcome of the appeal remains unknown and should be resolved in approximately 4-6 months or less.

These clients owe a devastating $161,000 in private student loans. They also owe only about $20,000 in federal loans for which payments are current in a repayment program. However, prior to hiring us, these clients were not presented with realistic payment terms from the private lender. The household income for this family of four is only $40,000 as they have two young children and the wife stays at home to care for them.

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student loan reform.jpgToday, a legislator introduced a bill to treat student loan debt as other unsecured debt in a bankruptcy filing. This would be huge! As everyone knows, a bill isn’t a law and it could be awhile, but if this gains steam, we may have some relief for graduates over the past 20 years who are facing student loans that the new governmental forgiveness programs don’t cover.

Rep. John K. Delaney, D-Md., introduced the Discharge Student Loans in Bankruptcy Act (H.R. 449) on January 22, 2015. The bill itself can be found here. This link can also be used to track its progress through the House, Senate and finally the President if it makes it through. I just checked the link and the text of the bill isn’t up yet, but it should be in a couple days. I’ll be curious to see how it is worded and other legal commentators’ opinions of its likelihood of passage.

Presently, the burden to discharge student loans is not easy. The Brunner standard of what it takes to show an undue hardship is very difficult to meet. However, this 1987 case is starting to come under fire because of the impossible standards imposed. Over the past year, there have been approximately a dozen federal cases providing a framework for a new standard allowing for discharge of student loan debt. Brunner has some competition now.

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I’m looking for someone fitting this description to help to publicize this problem – CNN Money is interested in doing a story – Please contact me if you know someone who would be willing to share their story and be interviewed. Plus I may be able to help…

Stay tuned, I’ll update this blog post when the story develops.

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Phone-Police-150x150.jpgA three judge panel federal court ruled recently against Dell Computer when Dell continued to use an automated dialing system to make debt collection calls to a consumer. This consumer had written Dell asking it to stop calling her cell phone. Dell ignored the letter.

The 3rd Circuit Court of Appeals in Philadelphia ruled that although the consumer had initially listed her cell phone number on her application for credit, she later revoked the consent to call her on that cell phone. This case is likely to have far reaching implications including as far away as Florida because it is a federal court and believed to be one of the first to consider this issue.

The debt collector unsuccessfully argued that the consumer did not have a right to revoke consent. Once given, it argued Dell could call and call, and then call some more. It couldn’t have been more wrong.

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wheelchair grad.jpgThere are new TPD (disability) regulations going into effect on July 1, 2013 to help our student loan clients in Florida and elsewhere. These new changes apply only to applications received after July 1, 2013. In a nutshell, the significant changes are designed to make an application much more streamlined!

1. There will no longer be a requirement that student loan debtors obtain certification and medical documentation from a physician showing recent visits and lack of employability.

2. Only one application is required even if multiple loan servicers.

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student loan bubble.jpgEarlier this year, total student loan debt surpassed credit card debt for the first time ever. Student loan debt and the resulting high tuition are without a doubt in a huge bubble after having raised 800 percent in the past few years. After graduation, students are presented with the bill and most have no idea how it got that high.

Why is this? The cause of this student loan bubble is not unlike the mortgage crisis. The initial theory was to expand homeownership to the masses. Thereafter, lax lending standards allowed more and more people to buy homes. More buyers led to higher prices. The mortgage loans were securitized on Wall Street to unidentified investors. As the demand for these investments grew, the need for more questionable loans grew. People began to fear being left behind, if they didn’t buy now, they would be priced out of a home forever. It was actually cheaper to buy a home than it was to rent one with first month, last month and security deposit required in cash. Who cared if the loan couldn’t later be repaid when it was determined that the homeowner didn’t actually have a job that paid $200,000, but instead worked as a gardener for $20,000. Turns out that kind of thing really matters now that our housing market tanked 50% or more across the board as a direct result of this chain of events. Poorly run mortgage servicers or those with their own agenda has multiplied the number of foreclosures. The resulting crash hurt everyone, even people who could normally afford their home payments but god forbid lost their job or had to move.

Feeding the securitization beast was a common problem among mortgage brokers and investment banks. They had to create product to sell to the securitization machine. Kinda like making meth in large quantities in the popular show Breaking Bad that I am now hooked on and spent half of this past Labor Day weekend watching.

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